What are desktop environments?

A desktop environment is the part of Linux you see and interact with: your app menu, panels, windows and settings. It usually comes with everyday tools such as a file manager too.

On Windows and macOS, you mostly get the desktop that comes with the system. Linux gives you several to choose from.

Is it the same as a distro?

Your distro provides the operating system, software sources and updates. Your desktop environment shapes how you use it day to day.

For example, Fedora Workstation uses GNOME, while Fedora KDE Plasma uses Plasma. Both are Fedora, but their desktops look and feel different.

The same desktop can also look different between distros. Ubuntu and Fedora Workstation both use GNOME, but Ubuntu adds its own layout and styling.

How do I choose?

Think about what you like using now and what you’d want to change. These are a few starting points:

Desktop environments to consider for different preferences

If you want...	Take a look at...
A menu and taskbar that feel familiar from Windows	CinnamonorKDE Plasma
A simple desktop with a feel closer to macOS	GNOME
Plenty of settings to change the look and layout	KDE Plasma
A modern desktop with automatic window tiling	COSMIC
Something light for an older computer	XfceorMATE

There’s no single best choice. Look at the screenshots on our desktop pages, then try a live USB if your chosen distro offers one. Spend a little time with the menus, settings and a few apps to see whether it feels comfortable.

Do I need to install one separately?

Usually, no. Most desktop distros come with one ready to use. Some offer separate downloads for different desktops, while others let you choose during installation.

For your first install, picking an edition that already includes the desktop you want is the easiest starting point.

Can I change it later?

Yes. Many distros let you install another desktop and choose it when you log in. You may end up with duplicate apps or extra settings, though, so follow your distro’s instructions if you decide to switch.

You may also see mentions of Wayland and X11. Our Wayland and X11 guide explains what they do underneath your desktop.